UNIDAD ASOCIADA "SISTEMAS AGROFORESTALES": ESTACIÓN FITOPATOLÓXICA DO AREEIRO - MISIÓN BIOLÓGICA DE GALICIA |
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Home » Publications » Papers in scientific journals and popular science publications» 2006 |
4371 | |
Protección de
la vid frente a Armillaria mellea mediante la aplicación de
hongos micorrícicos Nutri-fitos Nov. 2006 Nº107 Pag:27-32 |
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Aguín Casal, Olga¹; Montenegro Gregorio, Dolores¹; Mansilla Vázquez, J. Pedro¹; Vilariño Rodriguez, Antón² y Sáinz Oses, Maria Jesús³ ¹ Estación Fitopatolóxica de Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, Pontevedra, España ² Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia. CSIC. Apart. 122. 15780 Santiago de Compostela ³ Dep. Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, Lugo, España ABSTRACT: Armillaria
mellea causes white root rot in a wide range of woody species, among them
grapevines. At present, control is mainly based on preventive measures, and on
the application of chemicals, although none of them proved to be totally
efficient. Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are mutualistic plant-fungus symbiosis
which play an important role against root pathogenic fungi. In the present
work, the effect of AM Glomus aggregatum on the protection of three vine
rootstocks against Armillaria mellea has been studied. Results showed
that the inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi can increase the tolerance to the
disease in most sensitive rootstocks |
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4372 | |
Efectos de la
aplicación de CPPU en la producción de kiwi de plantaciones
tratadas con cianamida de hidrógeno Nutri-fitos Nov. 2006 Nº107 Pag: 51-57 |
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M.C. Salinero-Corral¹, M.P. Piñón-Esteban¹ , P.Vela Fernández¹ y M.J. Sáinz Oses² ¹ Estación Fitopatolóxica de Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, Pontevedra, España ² Dep. Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, Lugo, España ABSTRACT: In northwest
Spain, insufficient chilling hours in winter result in low budbreak and
flowering, and consequently poor fruit production in orchards of Actinidia
deliciosa 'Hayward'. Hydrogen cyanamide (HCN) increases budbreak and flower
production in mild climate regions. Application of CPPU
(N-[2-chloro-4-pyridyl]-N-phenylurea) after fruit set can also enhance fruit
production by increasing fruit size. In the present work, field experiments
were carried out to study the combined effects of HCN and CPPU on fruit
production in two kiwifruit orchards at Pontevedra (NW Spain). Application of
HCN significantly increased fruit production, especially in one of the
orchards, by 3-4 t/ha relative to the control. This effect was greater when
plants received both hydrogen cyanamide and CPPU, leading to yields of 7 t/ha
more than in control plots that received no treatments, and, what is more
important from a practical point of view, to higher mean fruit weights and
marketable production. |
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4367 | |
Ruta de las Camelias:
Jardines emblemáticos con encanto Revista SEC Nº9 Pag:15-19 |
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Blanca Coladas², Carmen Salinero¹, María González¹, Ana Neves¹ ¹ Estación Fitopatolóxica de Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, Pontevedra, España ² Finca La Saleta |
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4366 | |
La Camelias en Galicia
Revista SEC Nº9 Pag:5-14 |
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Carmen Salinero, María González Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro ABSTRACT: We all know Galicia constitutes an optimum region for the adequate development of the camellias. In our land a humid climate with mild temperatures (humid and mild temperatures) coexist together with fertile soils and acids, which encourage plant growth. Several experts are surprised to observe camellias thrive although they are neglected during long periods of time, whereas in other regions in Spain or Europe they need constant care, sometimes needing the protection of a greenhouse. |
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4365 | |
Técnicas:
Cochinillas Revista SEC Nº9 Pag:22-23 |
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Rosa Pérez Otero, Pedro Mansilla Vázquez Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro ABSTRACT: Scale insects are a group of insects belonging to Hemiptera order, Homoptera suborder affecting a wide range of woody plants and some grasses. They stick to the stalk and to the main nerves of the leaves. There are around 7.000 species of insect scales. |
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4360 | |
Setos y topiarios
realizados con Camellia. Formas volumétricas en jardines. BricoJardinería & Paisajismo Nº146 |
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Carmen Salinero Corral, Pilar Vela Fernández, María González García Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro Subida a la Robleda S/N E-36153 Pontevedra, Spain |
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4336 | |
Maize (Zea mays
L.) Genetic Factors for Preventing Fumonisin Contamination Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry |
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Ana Butrón², Rogelio Santiago², Pedro Mansilla Vázquez¹, Cristina Pintos-Varela¹, Amando Ordás², Rosa Ana Malvar². ¹Excma. Diputación de Pontevedra. Servicio Agrario. Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, E-36153, Lourizán, Pontevedra, España ²Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 28 36080 Pontevedra, España ABSTRACT: Fusarium
moniliforme and Fusarium proliferatum are the most frequently
isolated fungi from maize (Zea mays L.) in Spain. Both Fusarium
species produces toxins potentially dangerous for animals and humans, the
fumonisis begin the most of significant of those toxins. White maize is
preferred for human comsumption, and extra care should be taken to avoid kernel
mycotoxin contamination. The objetives of this study were to identify and
quantify kernel infection by Fusarium spp. and contamination by
fumonisin on white maize hybrids, to search for white maize sources of
resistance to infection by Fusarium spp. and mycotoxin contamination,
and to preliminary study the genetics involved in such resistances. Ten
F1 single crosses derived form a diallel mating desing among five
white maize inbreds were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with
three replications in 2002 at two locations. Fusarium verticilloides
and F. proliferatum were detected on kernels of white maize hybrids
cultivated in nothwestern Spain. No diferences in fungal infection were found
among maize genotypes, but differences in fumonisin contamination were
significan and could be related, in part, to differeces in husk tightness.
Among the genotypes studied, general combining ability (GCA) effects were the
most important for resistence to fumonisin contamination. Inbreds EP10 and Ec22
showed the most favorable GCA effects for husk tightness and fumosinin content,
and the cross between them, EP10 x EC22, had the most favorable specific
combining ability (SCA) effect for husk tightness. Imbreds EP10 and EC22 showed
favorable GCA effects for fumonisin contamination and husk tightness. Imbreds
EP10 x EC22 was the only one with an average fumonisin level below 1
µg/g. Althought this sholud be confirmed with more extensive studies,
white maize imbreds developed form white maize landraces could be resources of
resistance to fumonisin contamination. |
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4323 | |
Biología y
posibilidades de control de Ctenarytaina spatulata Taylor, nueva plaga
del eucalipto en Galicia BSVP 32:429-437, 2006 |
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Pérez Otero, Rosa; Mansilla Vázquez, Pedro; Mansilla Salinero, Pablo Excma. Diputación de Pontevedra. Servicio Agrario. Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, E-36153 Pontevedra, Spain Abstract: The
psyllid Ctenarytaina spatulata Taylor was detected in Galicia in 2003.
After the introduction of Gonipterus scutellatus in the area, and due to
the importance of eucalyptus on the economy in north-western Spain, several
studies on the biology and control of this insect have been initiated.
Regarding its biology, this insect completes around six and eight annual
generations (both under field and semifield conditions), each with an average
duration of 50 days, although observing a high variability among seasons
(generations take longer to complete in winter). Assays on the efficiency of
several insecticides on the control of this pest have been performed. Although
imidacloprid showed the best results, azadiractin, flufenoxuron, and malation
have also been efficient in controlling insect populations. New assays need to
be performed in order to confirm the results obtained, focusing also in the
secondary effects of this insecticides on the beneficial insects found in
eucalyptus stands. |
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4318 | |
Detección e
identificación por técnicas moleculares de especies del
género Armillaria a partir de muestras de suelo BSVP 32:231-240, 2006 |
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P. E. Escofet Crespo, O. Aguín Casal , J. P. Mansilla Vázquez Excma. Diputación de Pontevedra. Servicio Agrario. Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, E-36153 Pontevedra, Spain Abstract: In the
present work, the results of the identification of Armillaria species
from soil samples, without previously isolating and culturing the micelia on a
plate were presented. DNA was extracted from 250 mg of soil, and the ITS region
of the fungus was amplified by nested PCR with external primers ITS1 and ITS4
and internal primers AR1 and AR2. The products obtained in the double
amplification were analyzed by RFLP, using the restriction enzimes Hinf I and
MboI. This method allows the differentiation among Armillaria species
from different patterns of bands characteristic for each species. 70% of the
samples analyzed were identified as Armillaria mellea, 16% were A.
gallica and 14% of the samples were not infected by Armillaria.
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4237 | |
In vitro selection of
an effective fungicide against Armillaria mellea and control of white
root rot of grapevine in the field Pest Management Science 62:233-228 (2006) |
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Olga Aguín,¹ J Pedro Mansilla¹², María J Sainz² ¹Excma. Diputación de Pontevedra. Servicio Agrario. Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, E-36153 Pontevedra, Spain ² Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, E-27002 Lugo, Spain Abstract: Armillaria
mellea (Vahl ex Fr) Kummer is an aggressive pathogen which causes white
root rot in a wide range of hosts. Most chemicals tested so far against
Armillaria, both in vitro and in the field, have not been effective in
reducing fungal growth and/or preventing plant decline and mortality. In the
present work the effects of four DMI (sterol demethylation inhibitor)
fungicides, cyproconazole, hexaconazole, propiconazole and tetraconazole, and
another six downwardly mobile systemic chemicals, azoxystrobin, cubiet
(copperis(ethoxy-dihydroxy-diethylamino)sulfate), fosetyl-Al, potassium
phosphite, sodium tetrathiocarbonate (STTC) and
2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole (TCMTB), on the mycelial growth of A.
mellea were compared and evaluated; the product yielding the best results
in in vitro experiments was selected to determine its efficacy in preventing
decline and mortality of grapevines in the field. Best results on in vitro
fungal growth reduction were obtained with the four azoles tested, in
particular with cyproconazole and hexaconazole, achieving 6772% mycelial
growth inhibition at the lowest dose. Results obtained in the field showed that
a dose of 50mg AI litre-1 of cyproconazole once or twice a year was efficient
in controlling the disease even in vines seriously affected by the pathogen.
However, further research is required to study minimum effective doses,
residual effects and the convenience of the application of annual dressings in
damaged vineyards, so as to gradually reduce the pathogen inoculum potential in
soil and control the disease while reducing chemical residues in the plant and
preventing development of fungal resistance.
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