UNIDAD ASOCIADA "SISTEMAS AGROFORESTALES": ESTACIÓN FITOPATOLÓXICA DO AREEIRO - MISIÓN BIOLÓGICA DE GALICIA |
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Home » Publications » Papers in scientific journals and popular science publications » 2008 |
Pests and diseases
detected in Spain International Camellia Journal 2008, 40: 59-65 |
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Salinero, C., Mansilla J.P., Abelleira, A., Aguín O., Pérez, R., Pintos, C. Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, 36153 Pontevedra, España. efa@efa-dip.org ABSTRACT: In the last
years, the number of pests and diseases found on camellia has gradually
increased. This could be mainly due to the generalisation of international
trade, and the subsequently increase in the exchange of plant material, which
brought out the dissemination of pathogens. In addition, the environmental
conditions in which they grow may also influence the occurrence of these pests
and diseases. In the present work, a summary of the main pests and diseases
occurring in Galicia isdescribed, putting special emphasis in the date of
detection, the evolution of the diseases through the years, the current
incidence and in some cases the suggested measures to control the diseases.
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Pollen production and
germination in Camellia japonica cultivars 2008 American Camellia Yearbook |
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P. Vela¹, C. Salinero¹, P. Piñón¹ y M.J. Sainz² ¹ Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, 36153 Pontevedra, Spain. pvela@efa-dip.org ² Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, 27002 Lugo, Spain RESUMEN: The selection of parents to obtain new Camellia japonica cultivars is hindered by the fact that flowers of many cultivars do not have operative reproductive organs and for there is not information on the fertility of the ornamental camellia cultivars. In the present work, the production and fertility of the pollen of 15 C. japonica cultivars was evaluated to select male parents to obtain interesting commercial cultivars. Flower samples were taken to remove anthers to obtain pollen, estimating the weight of the pollen released by each flower. Pollen germinability rate studies were carried out using fresh and frozen pollen. Cultivars 'Thelma Dale' and 'Silver Cloud' proved to be the best candidates to be used as parent pollen producers to create new cultivars, since they produce enough quantity of pollen and present a germinability higher than 40%. |
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Caracterización
morfológica y molecular de las poblaciones de Cryphonectria
parasitica en castaños de Galicia BOLETÍN DE SANIDAD VEGETAL Volumen 34 Nº4 2008 4º Trimestre Pag:581-594 |
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O. Aguín1,D. Montenegro1, M.J. Sainz2, M. Hermida1, J.P. Mansilla1 1 Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, 36153 Pontevedra, España 2 Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, 27002 Lugo, España ABSTRACT: Chestnut
blight caused by Cryphonectria parasitica is a fungal disease widely
spreading in chestnut stands all over the world. At present, the only feasible
perspectives for its control are based on the knowledge of the populations
present in the affected stands and the use of hypovirulent strains. The biology
of C. parasitica populations naturally occurring in chestnut stands in
Lugo and Ourense provinces was then studied so as to determine the diversity of
vegetative compatibility (vc) and mating types, as well as the occurrence of
hypovirulent strains. A total of 610 isolates were obtained. Only 4 isolates,
from Lugo province, showed the presence of ARNbc, characteristic of
hypovirulent strains. Molecular characterization of hypovirus proved all
hypovirulent strains belonged to Cryphonectria hypovirus 1
(CHV1-E). |
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Diversity of
vegetative compatibility types, distribution of mating types and ocurrence of
hypovirulence of Cryphonectria parasitica in chestnut stands in NW
Spain Forest Ecology and Management 256 (2008) 973-980 |
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D. Montenegroa, O. Aguína, M.J. Sainzb, M. Hermidaa, J.P. Mansillaa,b a Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, 36153 Pontevedra, España b Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, 27002 Lugo, España ABSTRACT: An extensive
survey on chestnut stands in NW Spain was carried out to study the population
biology of Cryphonectria parasitica in order to design future biological
control programmes of chestnut blight based on the field introduction of native
hypovirulent strains. Five hundred and thirty-nine Cryphonectria
parasitica isolates, belonging to five populations (A Coruña, Lugo,
Ourense, Pontevedra and León), were obtained. The diversity of
vegetative compatibility was very low. Six vc types were found, each population
showing only from 2 to 4 vc types. Two vc types were the known European testers
EU1 and EU66, and the other four were undescribed vc types that were named E1,
E2, E3 and E4. E1 was the dominant vc type in Lugo and Ourense populations, and
EU1 in Pontevedra and León. Hypovirulent isolates (a total of 15) were
only detected in the León population, all but one being compatible with
the vc type EU1. Hypovirulent strains belonged to the French subtype F1 of the
Cryphonectria hypovirus-1 (CHV1). |
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Winter and spring
ecology of Anaphes nitens, a solitary egg-parasitoid of the
Eucalyptus snout-beetle Gonipterus scutellatus International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) 2008 |
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Serena Sontolamazza-Carbone¹, Montserrat Pestaña Nieto¹, Rosa Pérez Otero², Pedro Mansilla Vázquez² and Adolfo Cordero Rivera³ ¹ Sección de Fitopatología, Centro de Investigación e Información Ambiental de Lourizán, 36080 Pontevedra, España ² Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, 36153 Pontevedra, España ³ Universidad de Vigo, EUET Forestal, Grupo de Ecoloxía Evolutiva e da Conservación, Campus Universitario, 36005 Pontevedra, España ABSTRACT: We
investigated the effects of temperature, photoperiod, food and host
availability, and body size on the overwintering abilities of the egg
parasitoid Anaphes nitens Girault (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) under natural
conditions. Seven groups of eighty females received one of four treatments (n =
20): (i) honey and hosts, (ii) water and hosts, (iii) honey, or (iv) water.
Seven groups of forty males received only honey or water (n = 20). To test if
short day-length is the main cue for larval dormancy, the experiment was
replicated inside a climate chamber at 20_C and under a winter photoperiod.
A. nitens overwinters because of quiescence or oligopause inside the
hosts and increased adult longevity. Mean pre-emergence mortality was up to 26%
indoors and 15.2% outdoors, males being more affected. Development time had a
significant and positive effect on body size. Honey-fed females without hosts
had the highest longevity (53 days). Mother's diet and size affected
development time, body size, longevity, and fecundity of the progeny. The
results confirm the good adaptation of the parasitoid to the environmental
conditions of NW Spain and its ability to synchronize its life cycle with the
phenology of the host. |
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Primeros Estudios de
la Diversidad y Persistencia de Nematodos Entomopatógenos en Suelos de
Castaño en Galicia IInd Iberian Chestnut Congress. Acta Hort. 784, ISHS 2008 Pag:181-186 |
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A. Picoaga¹, A. Abelleira¹ and J. P. Mansilla¹ ¹ Estación Fitopatolóxica de Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, Pontevedra, España ABSTRACT:In Galicia,
the economic importance of the chestnut tree (Castanea sativa Mill.)
lies mainly in the fruit, but its production has decreased due to insects pest
that reduce their quality and commercial value. Studies performed in this
region so far, show that the species causing the most important damge are:
Cydia splendana Hb., Curculio elephas Gyll y Cydia
Fagiglandana Zel. An alternative method to control these pest is the use of
entomopathogenic nematodes (NEP's) of the genus Steinernema and
Heterorhabditis. These nematodes are pathogenic to many insect species
and are symbiotically associated with bacteria that kill the host insect within
24-48h. |
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A selective PCR-based
method for the identification of Phytophthora hibernalis
Carne Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2008 6(1) Pag:78-84 |
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D. Montenegro¹, O. Aguín¹, C. Pintos¹, M. J. Sainz² and J. P. Mansilla¹² ¹ Estación Fitopatolóxica de Areeiro, Subida a la Robleda s/n, Pontevedra, España ² Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, 27002 Lugo, España ABSTRACT: Preharvest
and postharvest brown rot of citrus fruit is responsible for important economic
losses thoroughout the world. The disease is commonly caused by several species
of Phytophthora. In Spain, citrus brown rot is mainly caused by P.
citrophthora, but in the last years outbreaks of the disease in lemon and
sweet orange caused by P. hibernalis Carne have been recorded in
northwestern citrus-growing areas. In this work, a PCR method has been
developed for the diagnostic of P. hibernalis either from isolated
mycelia or directly from fruit lesions. One specific primer pair, PHIB1 and
PHIB2, was designed from the nucleotide sequences of ITS1 and ITS2 regions. The
two primers amplified a 407-bp fragment from the genomic DNA of P.
hibernalis that was sequenced (Acc. No. AY827556). Results demonstrated
that PCR amplification of ITS regions by primers PHIB1 and PHIB2 followed by
DNA sequencing can provide a rapid, selective and reliable identification of
P. hibernalis. |
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